THE EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF EQUITY NORM UNDER INEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION
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概要
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The present study was conducted to exami-ne a function of equity norm under over-underrewarded conditions and to clarify the relation between equity norm and relevance to reward. It was hypothesized that tension, which was aroused by inequitable distribution, would be related to the magnitude of inequity (Hypo. 1) and a degree of relevance to reward (Hypo. 2). It was also predicted that tension would differentiate according to over-underrewarded conditions (Hypo. 3).<BR>The subjects were sixty male students. A subject and a male confederate arrived at the laboratory and played the game. They aimed their laser guns at the mark. When the game was over, they were told their hits were equal. Chips which they were told would be distributed to them were then given to them. The distribution was in the ratio 7:3 (high inequity), or 3:2 (low inequity). In the overrewarded condition, a confederate distributed more chips to the subject and in the underrewarded condition a subject received less chips than the confederate. A degree of relevance to reward (three levels) was manipulated by varying the bet to chips.<BR>Subjects had a chance of restoration, and they presented the rate of distribution to a confederate. At same time, subjects rated their satisfaction to the first distribution and their cooperativeness with a confederate in the next session.<BR>The hypotheses were confirmed. The more inequitable the distribution was, the more eagerly subjects tried to restore equity. Overrewarded subjects engaged in self-deprivation behavior and underrewarded subjects wanted to deprive a confederate of his reward<BR>This tendency was strikingly shown under higher relevnce conditions. Under high relevance condition, subjects, who were given reward at 70%, executed over-self-deprivation, and underrewarded subjects (30% given) tried to retaliate agsinst the confederates.
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