雪の水力輸送に関する研究-7-雪水2相流のT字管における合流損失

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When the hydraulic conveying technique is applied to remove snow from an urban area, a tree configuration pipeline system is considered to be effective. In this work, energy loss of granulated-snow/water mixture flow combining at a T-junction of pipes with circular cross section, which is the simplest geometry of connecting elements used in a pipe line, was investigated experimentally. A branch pipe met a straight main pipe at an angle 90°, both diameters being 77 mm. Granulated-snow/water mixture flows with equal snow fractions were combined at the junction. The flow rates in the main pipe upstream the junction and in the branch pipe, Q1 and Q2, were measured by electro-magnetic flow meters. The pressure distribution along the pipes and the volume snow fraction in the discharge were measured for variable flow rate Q2/Q3 under the condition of constant Q3, the flow rate in the main pipe downstream the junction. Beads of ABS resin were used as the solid sample for comparison. Power losses due to the confluence were obtained by subtracting frictional losses in straight pipes from the total losses in the junction. The confluence loss coefficient ζc was defined by assuming the mixture to be a homogeneous fluid. While ζc for the beads/water mixture increased with an increasing solid fraction, the relation between ζc and Q2/Q3 for the snow/water mixture was nearly equal to that for water irrespective of the snow fraction. In conclusion, the power loss due to the confluence for the graduated-snow/water mixture is well estimated from ζc data for water.

雪の水力輸送に関する研究-7-雪水2相流のT字管における合流損失

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