The Temporal Correspondence between Archaeological Chronology and Environmental Changes in the Final Pleistocene in Eastern Honshu Island
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概要
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The author examines the temporal correspondence between geochronological settings and archaeological chronology in order to reconsider human-environment interactions during the Final Pleistocene in eastern Honshu Island. The discussion concentrates on two primary issues: (1) research problems with particular reference to the archaeological findings on numerical chronology, using radiocarbon dates; and (2) the relationships between geochronological settings and relative archaeological chronologies, using a calibrated radiocarbon time scale on the eastern part of Honshu Island during ca. 24, 000-11, 000cal BP.The archaeological chronology during this period has been divided into seven phases: Backed point industry, Point industry, Microblade industry, Biface industry and plane pottery group, Slender-clay-ridges pottery group, Crescent-impressed and cords-marked pottery group, and Cord-wrapped-stick-pattern pottery group. Based on calibrated radiocarbon dates using the CalPal_2004_Jan, the groups seem to be placed at 2.3-2.0ka cal BP, 2.1-1.9ka cal BP, 1.8 (2.0)-1.5ka cal BP, 1.7-1.5ka cal BP, 1.5 (1.6)-1.4 (1.3)ka cal BP, 1.35-1.15ka cal BP, and after 1.1ka cal BP, respectively. The beginning of the use of pottery seems to be placed in the transitional period from stage Ib to stage II (beginning 15, 500cal BP). The slender-clay-ridges pottery group seems to coincide with the abrupt warming period of stage II. In addition, the beginning of the Cordwrapped-stick-pattern pottery group corresponds to the transition to stage IV (beginning 11, 500cal BP). Although the comparison between relative archaeological frameworks and geochronological ones is rather comprehensive, the archaeological study of this period is specifically required for the establishment of reliable correspondence.