HIERARCHICAL STIMULUS AND PREFERENCE STRUCTURES IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL STIMULI

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The purpose of this experiment was to investigate how classification preference depend on the hierarchical structures of stimulus sets and response alternatives. Stimulus sets were constructed using 4, 5, 6, and 8 stimuli drawn from a total set of eight equally spaced one-dimensional stimuli. The <I>S</I>s classified these sets into groups in any way they wished (free classification) and into specified numbers of groups (restricted classification). The results indicated that: a) classification was identical for hue and value sets; b) numerical factors and metric stimulus properties acted in a hierarchic fashion in determining classification. Sequential partitions of classifications on the basis of numerical balance and nominal, ordinal, and interval metric properties lead to increased prediction of classification; c) the number of groups used in free classification, a function of the number and range of the stimuli in a set, was independent of the preferred classification for each number of groups. These results suggests that classification should be conceptualized as involving independent hierarchic structures.
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