生体膜の連続性と不連続性
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概要
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Polarized cells such as epithelial cells and polarized neurons are characterized by their cell surface organization in which proteins are segregated and maintained in distinct plasma membrane domains. In order to examine the continuity of lipid bilayer between different plasma membrane domains, a method has been introduced to fuse liposomes selectively to one domain of the cell surface using influenza hemagglutinin protein.<BR>When liposomes containing fluorescent lipids were fused to the apical domain of epithelial Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, diffusion of lipids to the basolateral surface was observed only when fluorescent lipids were distributed in the inner leaflet of the liposomes. On the other hand, when liposomes were fused to the axon of cultured hippocampal neurons, diffusion of neither inner nor outer leaflet lipids to the somatodendritic domain was observed. These results suggest that the epithelial cells and the neurons have different membrane barriers. In MDCK cells, newly synthesized plasma membrane proteins are segregated in trans Golgi network to be transported to either apical or basolateral domains. Recent data suggest the occurrence of subdomains enriched with apical proteins and glycosphingolipids in the Golgi apparatus.
- 日本膜学会の論文