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概要

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The approaches to the theory of anesthesia have evolved from different ways. Clinicians and biologists have been proved the states of anesthesia, and determined the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration as a standard anesthetic potency. The correlation between minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration and lipid solubility suggests that the molecular site of anesthetic action is hydrophobic region. Macro-and micro-analysis of anesthetic action on biological tissues and organs have been carried out. On the other hand, physicochemical approaches to the theory of anesthesia have been focused on biological membranes. The mechanism of anesthesia was concentrated on the perturbation of the membrane of the nerve cells. The most likely mechanism of anesthetic action involves synaptic membrane. Anesthetic molecules may block membrane pores by uncertain mechanisms including membrane expansion. Pressure reversal is an important evidence of anesthesia. Critical volume hypothesis is that anesthesia occurs when a hydrophobic region is expanded by a critical volume and high pressure opposes the expansion and reverses anesthesia.<BR>The present paper was briefly reviewed on possible mechanisms of anesthesia in a special reference to the biological membranes.
日本膜学会の論文