螢光抗体法によるつつが虫病リケッチアの型特異抗原の研究 : 特に標準株の混合感染時における解析
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概要
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Recently, many isolates of the tsutsugamushi disease rickettsia from different sources have been classified antigenically into three types, Gilliam, Karp, and Kato, by means of the immunofluorescent and the complement fixation tests. Therefore, such type-specificity among the isolates would be worth while being evaluated from an epidemiological point of view. For instance, studies are required on the relations of any different pathogenicity for man, any particular type of strains causing a different seasonal incidence of disease in endemic areas, and any host-specificity in the vector trombiculid mites.In the complement fixation and immunofluorescet tests, however, the serological patterns of sera from human patients or rodents are hardly so much type-specific as those of the antisera obtained by immunizing laboratory animals with the prototype strains. No reasons for this have been elucidated yet. Since a relatively high type-specific reactivity can be observed with a serum sample collected at an early stage of the illness and a group-specific one at a later stage, a species difference may be considered in the human case. On the other hand, there probably occurs a mixed or double infection among field rodents. So that, a cross-reactive pattern may be expected from rodent sera. Befor proving a possibility of occurrence of such kind of infection among field rodents in nature, it seems rather important to pursue any antigenic change in those prototype strains during serial passages after the mixed infection in laboratory animals. It is from these ideas that the present investigation was performed.A mixed infection was made by 3 combinations of the prototype strains: that is, Gilliam-Karp, Kato-Gilliam and Kato-Karp. For every serial passage, 3 groups of mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 10% emulsion of liver and spleen derived from mice which had been infected with a mixed inoculum for 25 passages in one experiment and 50 passages in the other at weekly intervals. In antigenic smears from the peritoneum of infected mice, rickettsial organisms were examined for antigenicity against labeled antibodies to Gilliam, Karp, and Kato, by means of the direct method of immunofluorescence at every passage.The results obtained are summarized as follows.1. In the Gilliam-Karp series, the population of rickettsial organisms became type-specific to the Kato strain at about 10th passage, with no change in antigenicity by further passages.2. In the Kato-Gilliam series, Karp-type organisms began to appear at about the 4th passage.3. In the Kato-Karp series, Gilliam-type organisms were never observed.4. In the control series of separate passage of the prototype strains, no change was observed at all in the antigenicity as prototype throughout the course of passage.
- 日本細菌学会の論文