Effect of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids under Fixed P/S and n-6/n-3 Ratios on Lipid Metabolism in Rats

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), in particular oleic acid, under fixed P/S and n-6/n-3 ratios on serum and liver lipid metabolism in rats. The male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 28 days were fed diets low in MUFA (LM) or high in MUFA (HM) with or without 1% cholesterol for 4 weeks. The experimental diets contained 10% (w/w) fat. The body weight gain, food efficiency, and liver weight were comparable among the groups except for an increase in liver weight by dietary cholesterol. When cholesterol-added diets were fed, the concentration of serum cholesterol in the HM group was higher than that of the corresponding LM group at second week and at the end of experiment. The concentration of serum triacylglycerol in rats fed a cholesterol-enriched HM diet was markedly lower than that of cholesterol-free counterpart. Both MUFA and choles-terol tended to increase serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol concen-tration, but they had no interaction. Serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in cholesterol-enriched groups was lower than that in the cholesterol-free counterparts, but it was independent of the MUFA con-tent. Dietary cholesterol markedly increased the concentration of liver cholesterol and triacylglycerol and the increase in liver cholesterol was more marked in the HM group than in the LM group, while the level of liver triacylglycerol was comparable. The fecal excretion of neutral and acidic steroids increased when 1% cholesterol was added to the diets, irrespective of the MUFA content in the diets. Thus, the results indicate that the proposed beneficial effect of MUFA on cholesterol can be modified when diet contains cholesterol.

Effect of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids under Fixed P/S and n-6/n-3 Ratios on Lipid Metabolism in Rats

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