Teratogenic Effects of Triethylene Tetramine Dihydrochloride on the Mouse Brain.

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The teratogenic effects of triethylene tetramine dihydro-chloride (Trien-2HC1) on fetal mouse brain were studied on gestational day 19. Trien-2HC1 was given throughout pregnancy at levels of 0 (control), 3, 000, 6, 000, or 12, 000 mg/liter as drinking water, ad libitum. Mean litter size and live fetus per dam at birth were not significantly different among the four groups. The frequency of gross brain ab-normalities in live fetus at birth such as hemorrhages, delayed ossification in cranium, hydrocephaly, exencephaly, and microcephaly increased with increasing levels of the drug. Microscopically, dysorganization of neuro-nal cell layers, spongiform changes in white matter, and reduced myelin development were noted in the coronally sectioned cerebrum from Trien-2HC1-treated fetus. These abnormal findings increased dose-dependently in regard to the extent and severity at the levels of 6, 000 and 12, 000 mg/ liter. No such changes were observed in the cerebrum of controls. These results suggest that microscopic changes in fetal brain caused by Trien-2HC1 may be in part similar to those in brindled mutant mouse. Special attention should be paid to the developing fetal brain when Trien-2HC1 is used during pregnancy.
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