アオウキクサ (Lemna) による環境モニタリングの基礎研究 : 重金属のアオウキクサへの吸収と作用について
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概要
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In order to determine the potential use of Lemna paucicostata 6746 as an indicator of water pollution, its potential utilization as a purifier of waste water and in order to study the biokinetics of heavy metals, Lemna sensitivity to heavy metals and its absorptive mode for metals were studied.The experiments were started by planting 1 colony of Lemna in 50ml flask containing 25ml of medium supplemented with 1% sucrose and chemicals to be tested, and the culturings were made under continuous illumination of 6, 000lx at 25°C for 1 to 7 days. After the culturing period, the number of fronds and the wet weight per flask were counted and the concentrations of heavy metals absorbed by Lemna were measured.1) Lemna was most sensitive to cadmium in Bonner-Devirian medium (pH 6.1) which had been supplemented with 1% sucrose under continuous illumination of 6, 000lx at 25°C.2) Given the above conditions, multiplication was inhibited by 50% with 0.1ppm of copper, 1ppm of manganese, 1ppm of zinc, or 1ppm of arsenic.3) Arsenic and copper inhibited the vegetative growth of Lemna more effectively than its actual multiplication, whereas zinc, manganese and cadmium primarily inhibited multiplication.4) The concentration coefficient of cadmium for Lemna was from approximately 100 to 500 at the 24-th hour from the onset of culturing on Bonner-Devirian medium containing cadmium (pH 6.1) under continuous illumination of 6, 000lx at 25±1°C.Seven days after culturing had begun, 70% of the cadmium in 25ml of medium was absorbed by Lemna on 0.01ppm of cadmium containing medium, 50% on 0.1ppm, and 2% on 1ppm cadmium containing medium.5) Those factors which cause Lemna to be more sensitive to cadmium-the high pH value of the medium, its low concentration of nutrient salts, and warm temperatures-were also shown to be effective for the rapid absorption of cadmium by Lemna. However, it should be noted that individual metals affect the means of absorption as well as their specific activities.
- 日本衛生学会の論文