ヒトの気候順応能に関する研究 : 第8報 沖繩本島住民の手指寒冷血管反応
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概要
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Cold vascular reactions of the fingers (the so-called “hunting reaction”) were studied among 353 adult males and 206 adult females living in Okinawa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tolerance levels to cold for residents of Okinawa with specific comparisons of Okinawa and those who have moved from the main Japanese islands. Okinawa is located in the subtropical zone and has temperatures about 1°C in summer and 10°C in winter and humidity a few percent higher than those in the southwestern part of the main islands.Using a thermister, skin temperatures at the nail bed of the middle finger of the left hand were measured before and during a 30-minute immersion in stirred ice water.The following characteristics: temperature before immersion (TBI), temperature and time elasped at the first rise after immersion (TFR and TTR respectively), mean skin temperature during 5∼30 minutes in water (MST) and amplitude of hunting (AT) were recorded. The resistance index to cold on frost-bite (RI) was scored according to a five-point scale, modified by Nakamura (1977) from the three-points method first proposed by Yoshimura (1950).The experiments were carried out from 1972∼1974 on three groups of subjects in Okinawa.For subjects born and raised in Okinawa, the reactions and RI tended to be lower for those in their twenties than in their thirties and other. Results are shown in Tables 1-5 for Group 1, subjects (residents of rural regions) and in Tables 6, 7, 10 and 12 and Figs. 1 and 2 for Group 2 (medical workers) and Group 3, (students at a police academy) all of whom live in urban areas.A study was also performed in Okinawa on the vascular reaction to cold of residents born and raised in southwestern Japan who had migrated to Okinawa within the year before the experiments were conducted. The reactions and the RI values of these subjects were not remarkably different for different age groups, and approached those of Okinawans aged thirty and over in the first study (Table 12 and Fig. 5). This suggests that Okinawans acquire cold resistance more slowly with age than others. It is noteworthy that seasonal changes in these reactions reported by many investigators for other regions were also found for the residents of Okinawa, although actual climatic changes are far smaller than elsewhere.
- 日本衛生学会の論文