富山湾岸の漁村の地理学的一考察--主として東西2つの漁村の対比からみた場合
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概要
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This thesis aimes to throw light upon two fishing villages situated in the east and the west respectively of Toyama Bay, which area is here considered as constituting a geographical whole with its own natural characteristics. A comparison has been made between the two villages from the viewpoint of economic geography.We have taken Kyôden village in the east and Yabuta in the west. As a result, we have come to the conclusion that there is a remarkable contrast between the two villages, both in locational natural conditions which attend to their given situations, and in forms of fishing management. This comes as a result of the extent of dependence on farming of the fishermen of the two villages, and of the difference of the types of seasonal distribution of fishing labor. An especially noticeable contrast in character is seen between the two villages when we take into consideration the comparative merits and demerits of their fishing grounds for fixed net fishery, their relative extent of dependence on it, and as to what extent of ground is alloted for farming is employed.In case of Kyôden, farming ground is almost nil, and the extent of dependence on fixed net fishery is relatively limited. On the other hand, this village is marked by the great number of fishermen who hire themselves out in remote places outside their own prefecture, such as Hokkaido and the Northern Seas. There are a large number of fishermen here skilled in salmon fishery, using drift nets, who are noted for their excellence in skill throughout the country, and many of whom join the fishing ships in other parts of the country. On the other hand, in Yabuta village, nearly all the fishermen make use of farming grounds though on a small scale. Its excellent fixed net fiishery, however, are forced to find some other means of livelihood. One of those possible means is their primitive practice of labor which is called in this district Bugire, and another is the custom of their going for work as fixed net fishermen to other fishing grounds outside Toyama Prefecture.It can be said, therefore that the difference between the characters of the two fishing villages is determined by the way fishing labor is employed inside the fishing village.
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