群馬県東部の畑地灌漑卓越地における農業経営と土地利用の発達

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In the eastern part of Gunma Prefecture there are many tablelands which have developed fine dry fields as types of land use. Among these are the Omama and Ora districts where many of the dry fields are irrigated by underground water, stream water, or drainage. Both districts are remarkable for their excellent dry-field irrigation, but its significance is widely different in each farming management. This result was brought about by the difference of conditions to which farmers in those districts are subject, in irrigating their fields.The Omama tableland, which is an elevated fan, has deposits of thick gravel. Therefore there is a limit to the use of underground water, or stream water. In spite of the limited use of their common equipment, farmers here have irrigated their fields at great cost. But they now enjoy higher labor productivity resulting from their extensive management, the reclamation of forested land in the early years of Showa, enabling them to run relatively large farms. Thus dry field irrigation is now only applied to dry rice grown as subsistence crops, with the result that farmers can expect stable management of other fields.Tablelands in the Ora district, on the other hand, are located in the lowlands, with marshes here and there. Here irrigation water is easier to obtain than in Omama, for underground water is of relatively small depth. Farmers here can also use water from drainages in the neighboring lowlands. They used to adopt dry field irrigation in the cultivation of commercial dry rice, but today owing to the technical development of land use they cultivate more profitably paddy rice on “rikuden…” an unregistered paddy field with no irrigation canal or drainage.
人文地理学会の論文

著者

中島峰広
早稲田大学教育学部

群馬県東部の畑地灌漑卓越地における農業経営と土地利用の発達

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