耕境地帯における耕地の後退 : 滋賀県高島郡朽木村を例にして
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概要
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Nowadays, cultivatedlands are on the decrease in Japan. From 1950 to 70, they have showed a decrease of 450 thousands hectares.In general, there are two regions that show enormous decrease in this period. One of them is urban fringe area where they are affected urbanization from cities: the other is agricultural marginalland in mountinous regions. Of these, I had chosen the latter this time, and worked case studies at KUTUKI VILLAGE in SIGA PREFECTURE, KINKI PROVINCE.In this paper, two problems are studied. First, which parts of cultivatedlands were devastated? Secondly, why were they devastated?KUTUKI VILLAGE is situated on the most mountinous regions in KINKI PROVINCE. In consequence, cultivatedlands distribute in scarce and narrow river valley bottoms. They have so unsuitable conditions that farmers cant product any more crops, chiefly rice, except for themselves.In this village, regress of the cultivatedlands began at the early stage of 1920s. From that time to 1970, about two fifth of its cultivatedlands have been devastated. There are several reasons for this phenomenon as follows:1) the concentric cultivation in better paddyfields.2) the development of the forestation and forestry.3) the decrease of the supported populations from 1960s.4) the adjustment policy of the rice production from 1970.In these reasons, the first one is the most significant in this region.In the next place, I had picked out three settlements in this village. From the studies of these cases, I got some results as follows:1) the cultivatedlands, which are far from farmsteads, tend to be devastated, and each settlement has been reduced from outer fringe to inner part for about 50 years.2) in the process of devastation, the problems of sunlight are the most important ground, particularly from the standpoint of how long and how much sunlight.3) paddyfields, which are linked to single irrigationway, tend to be devastated synchronously because of the difficulty to maintain regular irrigated water.Finally, these devastated fields have become to the lands for forestation.
- 人文地理学会の論文