愛知県一宮都市圏における中心地の地域構造
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概要
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Empirical central place studies provide evidence concerning all the sides of the central place system, including the size and intervals of central places, locational patterns and groups of retail activities, consumers behaviors, systems of trade areas, and their interdependencies. The aim of this paper is to analyze some of these aspects in Ichinomiya urban area in Aichi Prefecture as a case study. Ichinomiya urban area, which is to the north-west of Nagoya, has a population of nearly 500, 000 and an area of 222 square kilometers. This area can be devided into three parts: one is the traditional textile industry, another is cultivated by the sidework farmers, and the third was recently urbanized with housing and industrial location.As the result of our examinations of the relations among the attributions of 175 central places which were the upper half of all the central places in the study area, we found the empirical equations as follows among the population (P), the number of central functions (CF), and the establishments of the retail and the service activities (E) in the central places:logP=0.0171CF+2.6790 ……(1)logP=0.7960logE+2.0115 ……(2)logE=0.0232CF+0.8827 ……(3)The coefficient of correlation in equation (1) and (2) is more than 0.85. We applied residual analysis to these, for the dependent variable (i.e. the population) could be explained further by other independent variables. The analysis showed us that the central places which has much more population than we had expected from the equations located in the area of the textile industry, in the recent formed residential section of the east and the south, and around the higher order central places. From this result we think that the other independent variables are industrial activities and the accessibility to a large city or a high level central place.We observed no regular relationship like Christallers model, between the level of central places and the locational combinations of central functions. But the ratio of possession of central functions, except some public ones, rises in proportion to the level of central place. The ratio of possession does not change equally in accordance with the level of central place, so that we classified the functions into five patterns of change. Although the order of central places cannot be classified with the ratio of functional possession, it could be divided into six hierarchies on the diagram which indicates the correlation between the number of central functions and establishments. Each rank has 1, 3, 5, 12, 154, and 175 central places.As the theory tells, the higher the level of central place, the further is the distance between two closest places on the same level. The relationship between the level of central places indicated by the number of central function and the distance from a place to Ichinomiya, the highest level in this area, is similar to that of the theoretical case in K=3. But there are some regional deviations with the distribution of places. Many places belonging to the third or fourth level are in north-west sector which has a larger population than other sectors. The market area of the main city Ichinomiya indicated by consumers behaviors for shopping goods covers the whole study area. In the east region, however, Kochino, which has strengthened the retail functions with the increase of the population around it, has powerful influence, and Inazawa and Iwakura, both near Nagoya, are influenced by retail activities of Nagoya.The spatial arrangement of the demand for the retails and the services has changed in proportion to the increase of the population promoted by the industrial and residential developments, and the share of retail activities has risen in the east and the south regions in the past ten years.
- 人文地理学会の論文