ON THE REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF A "SHINDEN":RECLIME FIELDS

概要

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This is a study concerning Onumata-shinden situated nearIy in the central part of the plateau of Musashino, and describes the changes of both the number of houses and the area of the cultivated land, which are two of the fundamentals to the formation of a village, and also states the allotment of the cultivated land. Onumata-shinden is a settlement brought under cultivation in 1721, the 6th of Kyoho.This study based mainly of the old records preserved in the village may be summarized as follows:(1) Onumata-shinden is a settlement reclaimed in the latter period of the Tokugawa era.(2) About twenty-five years after the reclamation, a surveying of land was made, and since then the settIement has developed as an independent village.(3) A plot of land covering an area of from one to two cho has been allotted almost invariably to every house-holder. The only exception to this is the case of a land-owner who had owned a tract of cultivated land amounting to twenty cho.Since the reclamation days, the master of this house had always been the headman of the village (nanushi).(4) The cultivation land is for the most part sown to barley, wheat, etc., but about 1.8 of it are paddy-fields.(5) The cultivated land is generally barren, and from this may be infered the poverty of the livelihood of the villagers.
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