北海道富良野におけるニンジン生産の状況と立地
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概要
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As carrots prefer a cool season, they are usually grown during the autumn and the early spring on Japanese farms. Hokkaido farmers, however, cultivate carrots during the cool summer and harvest them in the autumn.After being harvested, large quantities of carrots are sent from Hokkaido to markets all over the country, standing unrivaled among the carrot producing regions at the same season. The author has been studying the geography of truck farming, above all from a locational approach, so he investigated the carrot producing regions in Hokkaido, especially the Furano district. The carrot production in the Furano district increased rapidly in the 1970s, and this district has become the representative carrot-producing region in Hokkaido.As the farms of Furano are comparatively larger than the farms of Honshu, they raise carrots with a higher productivity of labor, but with low productivity of the land. It was a stimulus for carrot growing that rice production has been restricted by the government since 1970. The Furano farmers chose to grow carrots and onions instead of rice.Farmers who raise carrots and onions employ many women. Labor intensive farming in Hokkaido including carrot growing, usually is located near the cities, which can supply the many women employees. The main supply region of the agricultural employees in the Furano district is the Furano urban area itself and the coal mine cities which are situated to the northwest, 30∼40km away from Furano city.Farmers who cultivate carrots in their fields plow the land with a powered cultivator, sow with a drill seedes, and weed with powered spray. The employees thin out the carrot plants and pull up the carrot roots, both with their hands. The machinery operation which needs skilled labor gets a higher reward, while the wages of the manual laborers stay in the lower levels. Thus, the farmer manages carrot production by employing relatively cheaper labor.The size of the acreage under cultivation generally restricts the farming type. The average farm acreages in Hokkaido are arrranged in the order of: dairy (33.3ha), upland field cropping (16.5ha), paddy field cropping (5.9ha) and vegetable growing (4.2ha). As the farmers in the Furano district have field acreages in the 5 to 11ha, range, they choose paddy field cropping or vegetable production.
- 人文地理学会の論文