結城紬生産にみる家族経営とその変化 : 機屋の女性三代のライフヒストリーからの考察
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
A study was conducted on the state of family-owned businesses and associated changes by examining the Yukitsumugi (a pongee produced in Yuki) industry which has relied heavily on family labor. The results are summarized as follows:Yukitsumugi production has changed considerably over the years. When it was being produced as a side business of extended farm families, there was a distinct division of family labor, including housework and child care. At this time, there were many self-employed hataya, or textile weavers.However, beginning in the 1960s, the heads of an increasing number of Yukitsumugi households began working in offices and living away from their parents and in-laws. In such families, it became more difficult to run businesses that included the production of pongee. What was once an industry that had a distinct family-based division of labor now became the domain not of work-at-home farm wives, but of wage earners in the families of office workers. This was due to the increase in higher-grade schooling and the diversification of job opportunities for women.This trend in the production area was necessary to produce high-class pongee. In the Yuki region, high-quality production was achieved by hataya who combined traditional techniques.However, this type of production started to become much less consistent than that of the old-time farm families. Fewer and fewer skilled workers were employed in the industry, making it increasingly difficult to produce high-quality materials.Since the 1980s, Yukitsumugi production has been steadily declining as workers retire or leave for other jobs without having a successor to take their place. This has had grave consequences for the industry, especially in the reorganization of the production structure.