On the denudaded hillsides Surrounded Kinki-Basins
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概要
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1. In early Meiji era (about 1880-90) there were vast denudaded hills in Kinki-Basins Near Kyoto and Osaka, which supply a large quantity of sand into the rivers and caused flood many times. Some experts of forestery say that granite and deluvial deposits are easily weathered than the other rocks especialy palaeozoic sandstone or chart. Then the granite hills and deluvial hillocks are denudaded and have poor vegetation. But this opinion is doubtful because those hills of palaeozoic are also have no vegetation at that time. The auther conclud that the denudation was caused by timely function at that era, and the geological condition concerns with reforestration of vegetation.2. The denudaded hills were occupied by common-forests which is called in Japanese "Iriai", they are used by common peoples lived in neighbouring villages. Long ago in this country the forest had been used in this way, but since 17th century the coin-economy infiltrating into these villages and dissociated old communities. Then the common-forests are transfered into private preporty by and by, and the poor class have no forest.3. In this process reserved common-forests were cut and digged, then they were wasted by poor peoples who have no forest but can't leave from the native land. Maps, photographs and documents record that process in this era, but now they had been forgotten as they are very few and old data. The recovery of vegetation depended on the change of social situation which bind the poor on the land. They have free from earth to go away to be engaged in new industry at the arriving of the Industrial revolution of Japan in 1890-1920.
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