Relationship Among the Status of the Human Oocyte, the 17β-Estradiol Concentration in the Antral Fluid and the Follicular Size

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We studied the relationship among the status of the human oocytes, the E2 concentration in the antral fluid and the follicular size in the different phases of the menstrual cycle, in order to determine the microenvironment of the follicles with healthy or degenerative oocytes in the human ovary. In the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, follicles which contained a healthy but not degenerative oocyte had a significantly higher level of 17β-estradiol (E2). In the late follicular phase, the larger follicles (≥13mm, in diameter) had only healthy oocytes. It seems that the follicle containing a degenerative oocyte does not develop physiologically until maturation of the preovulatory folllicle. In the luteal phase, there were no relationships among the status of the oocyte, E2 concentration in the antral fluid and the follicular size. However, the E2 levels of the antral follicles with healthy oocytes in an ovary with corpus luteum were significantly lower than those in the contralateral ovary. The results suggest that the corpus luteum may exert an influence on the adjacent follicles.
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