高強度有機材料

概要

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During the last decade, proofs have been given to the theoretical anticipation in that organic materials, <I>viz</I>.linear polymers, can be as strong as metals and inorganic materials if molecules are arranged parallel in a highly crystalline state. They include highly oriented fibres of aromatic polyamides and polyethylene, the whisker-type single-crystal of polyoxymethylene, etc. which enjoys the Youngs modulus of >100 GPa. In this article, discussion is made firstly on the theoretical Youngs modulus of polymers with respect to their conformation and secondly on the super-molecular structure emphasizing the importance of the latter for the bulk properties. Then, various approaches to the development of high-strength materials are reviewed with reference to the recent progress, covering the su-per-drawing of flexible polymers, the liquid-crystal spinning of aromatic polymers, the direct synthesis of polymer crystals from monomers, etc.
社団法人有機合成化学協会の論文