ゴム加硫促進剤の技術的変遷

概要

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Since Oenslager discovered aniline as vulcanization accelerator at 1906, many compounds have been investigated, but, development of vulcanization accelerators was complicated. I think so that, a process of development was very important fact, especially, discovered aniline and introduced thiocarbanilide (by reaction of aniline with carbon disulfide). Namely, (1) effect of aniline as aromatic amine was enlarged to aliphatic, alicyclic and heterocyclic amines. (2) To improve these toxity and volatility, for exmple, the above amines were treated with aldehydes or carbon disulfide to give the thiourea derivatives or amine salt of dithiocarbamic acids. (3) Since the amine salt of dithiocarbamic acids having a “scorching”, thiuram disulfide (or mono sulfide) have become to be applied instead of these amine salts. (4) Guanidine derivatives and mercapto benzothiazole have become to be used instead of aromatic thiourea derivatives since their “scorching” property, especially inrnercapto benzothiazole derivatives, dibenzothiazyl disulfide and benzothiazole sulfenamides through have become to be prefered to 2-mercapto benzothiazole. These vulcanization accelerators have been advanced in opposite site, progressing of “cure efficiency” and improvement of “scorching”. These development of vulcanization accelerators was arranged to the diagram.