アセチレンとアンモニアを原料とするアセトニトリルの製造研究

概要

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The method to manufacture acetonitrile industrially from acetylene and ammonia as the raw materials with zinc oxide catalyst has been investigated. At first, fundamental experiments has been carried out to determine the best condition of reaction on a fixed state of catalyst. In intermediate experiments, studies on carriers of the catalyst have been made. Then it was found that the catalyst composed of 50% zinc oxide, 25% kaolin and 25% activated earth was suitable as a catalyst for industrial use in its durability and the yield of product. The experiments were carried out on fluidal state of the catalyst, increasing the diameters of reaction tower step by step in order of 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 40 cm. As this is remarkable exothermic reaction, to remove the heat of reaction, on the wall of reaction vessel triangular part was set on its bottom. In passing acetylene at the rate of 300 1/min through a reaction tower of diameter 40 cm alternately in 12-hour reaction, 12-hour regeneration, the reaction proceeded smoothly 575 hours, and gave an average yield of 75.1%, with success in industrial application. The low and high boiling parts in the reaction product have been investigated for studies on the refining of acetonitrile and the presence of pyridine base and some nitrites, besides benzene and acetone, was confirmed.
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