リゾート開発の環境法的検討
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概要
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After the Resort development Act (Sougou Hoyou Chiiki Seibi Hou) was approved in 1987, there has been a rush of resort development planning all over Japan. Using as an example the Furano-Taisetu resort areas in Hokkaido, this article describes some major legal and environmental problems affecting the local community when resort development occurs.1. The analysis is based on interview surveys conducted in 1990 of both staff working in the field of regional promotion in nine local governments in the Furano-Taisetu resort areas and some residents living around them.We draw attention to the following four points: (1) A case (that of Biei Cho) involving citizen participation in the process of resort planning is considered to be a model for local self-reliance; (2) It is important for local governments to establish regional organizations of their own (such as an organization involving both public and private sectors) to produce and sell their own products, and to bring about some change in the current marketing system; (3) Awareness of the importance of taking environmental considerations into account will lead to the development of agriculture and rural resorts in ways compatible with the environment; (4) It is necessary to keep a balance of employment between resorts and agriculture.2. In order to solve resort development problems, which have become both complex and menacing, we must implement measures beforehand and in a unified and comprehensive manner, rather than post facto and ad hoc.Nature conservation and resort development should not be in opposition but mutually cooperative, as they are dependent on each other. While advocating programmes and measures to tackle existing problems, The Holistic view requires an ecological and preventative approach to environmental management, integrating environmental considerations with resort development. As I pointed out in my remarks on law and governmental guidance, existing institutional mechanisms and practices, such as an environmental impact assessment system, plans for environmental control and ecological land-use, are not adequate for conducting resort planning. Local government authorities still need to make more efforts to undertake further environmental assessments as part of resort development.Local governments should establish local environmental programmes and land-use guidelines.In conclusion, an integrated approach towards solving environmental problems is indispensable when planning future resort development. A fundamental part of the solutions must be increased individual awareness of the problems. Therefore, appropriate behavior by the public must be encouraged.
- 日本地域学会の論文