有明海産シバエビの生活史について
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概要
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Metapenaeus joyneri is the most commercially important prawn in the inner-part of Ariake Sea. The results of its bionomic studies are as follows: (1) The spawning season begins at the end of May and lasts till the beginning of September. The high season is between July and August. This prawn copulates at a short before the spawning (Fig. 3). (2) The numbr of ovarian eggs counted in 20 specimens of 23.7-38.0mm in carapace length, ranges from 7, 5000 to 37, 5000 (Fig. 4). (3) The growth of carapace length is very rapid during the period from hatching to October, when the prawn reaches to 11-23mm, mode 19 mm in carapace length. In winter the prawn grows very inferior, but again becomes fast from April, and the female grows more rapidly than the male when the prawn attains puberty. On July the carapace length reaches 28-37mm in female, 24-28mm in male (Figs. 7, 8). (4) The life-span of this prawn is supposed to be one year or a little more. (5) The relation between carapace length (L), body length (BL) and body weight (W) are shown as follows: BL=4.083L+0.500, W=0.000807L2.9515. But in female the coefficients of the formulas change in specimens larger than biological minimum size (ca. 23.5mm in carapace length) (Figs. 9, 10). (6) The main diet of this prawn is crustacea, namely small shrimps, mysis, crabs and copepods (Table 6). (7) The spawning ground is 5-10meters in depth. The youngs more than 5mm in carapace length, migrate toward the shore. During growth they perhaps leave shore and go to deeper water, about 10-20m deep in winter. This prawn usually lives on muddy bottom and their range is narrow in migration. The migration for the purpose of seeking foods seems to be active.
- 社団法人 日本水産学会の論文