瀬戸内海における石油廃水の漁場に及ぼす影響に関する研究-I : 廃油の分布

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The damages in fishery due to oil pollution have been intensified by a rapid development of oil industry in the area surrounding the Seto Inland Sea. The present investigation was carried out to grasp more accurately the general aspects of oil pollution of the sea induced by wastes from oil factories or refineries. The possible sources of oily wastes are demonstrated in Fig. I and properties of wastes discharged from representative factories are summarized in Table 1. The oil discharge from a factory is found to vary from 4 to 0.09 ton per day, when calculated from the volume of waste water and its highest oil concentration. By the method established by the American Petroleum Institute, a distribution pattern of oil on the surface of the contaminated area of the sea was surveyed and the results are given in Fig. 3, which indicates the two characteristic patterns. The floating oil distributes in patches differing in thickness as well as breadth and within the range not exceeding 4, 000m from the outfall of oily wastes. The latter phenomenon was considered to be due to the rapid disap-pearance of oily substances from the surface, partly due to volatilization, adhesion to a quay, or dispersion into the sea. In this connection, the volatility of several kinds of oil (Table 2), adhesion of oil to the suspending mud (Table 3) and distribution of the suspending matters in the sea and rivers (Figs. 4 and 6) were examined and it was suggested that the suspended particles in the sea may powerfully accelerate the dispersion of oil into the sea from the surface.

瀬戸内海における石油廃水の漁場に及ぼす影響に関する研究-I : 廃油の分布

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