Characteristics of Precipitation during Monsoon Season in Khumbu Himal : Glaciological Expedition to Nepal, Contribution No. 18

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During the monsoon season, when most of the annual precipitation concentrates in the Nepal Himalayas, precipitation was measured at 50 points in the Imja river catchment. Meteorological observations were made at a small glacier near a ridge and at Lhajung near the bottom of the valley for the comparison of the orographic effect between the two points. It was found from these observations that while monsoon activity from the southern foot of the Himalayas decreased approaching the interior of the main range of the Himalayas, precipitation increased at some of the higher places in the interior of the range. Precipitation occurred mainly in the daytime around the ridge, but, in the nighttime around the bottom of the valley. These characteristics are explained by the simplified pattern of diurnal variation of clouds caused by the local circulation associated with orographic convection. It was also found that precipitation was more in the drainage on the lee side of the upper wind than in the neighbouring windward drainage. Observational results of the phase (solid or liquid) of summer precipitation on the glacier are presented.
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