レプトスピラ病の分布に關する研究 : 最近分離したレプトスピラの血清學的性状殊に犬型レプトスピラを中心として
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The author researched on isolating of leptospiras from human blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and canine kidneys in the period from 1950 to 1953. Cultures, which were found positive, were subcultured and identified with cross agglutination-lysis tests and absorption tests. Attempts to isolate leptospiras from the blood and verebrospinal fluid of patients with leptospirosis were made through both the direct cultural method and the animal inoculation method followed by culture of the animals blood which were obtained four to ten days after the inoculation, irrespective as to whether or not they showed signs. In his experience, the two methods were equally effective in yielding positive results. Both Korthofs medium and Onos medium have been employed for direct cultural recovery of leptospiras, and the two mediums were equally effective in case of positive cultures. From the standpoints of the simplicity of technique and expenses, the research method to isolate leptospiras from patients blood and cerebrospinal fluid with direct cultural method are better than the inoculation to animals. In order to detect leptospiral existing only in small number, it was found to repeat the culture. Both guinea pigs weighing about 150gm and syrian golden hamsters weighing about 15gm have been employed for animal inoculation. Both animals were efficacious in yielding positive culture. There, moreover, was seen no significant difference in the number of successful cultural experiments.23 strains were isolated from hunan cases and 11 strains from canine cases.The author carried out the serological tests of leptospiras isolated with the methods of Schüffner-Mochtars agglutination-lysis test and Schüffner-Bohlanders absorption test. Agglutination-lysis tests were performed by employing as antigens the six leptospiral strains known to exist in Japan-L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. pyrogenes, L. canicola, L. hebdomadis, L. autumnalis and L. australis A, and the other six strains-L. grippotyphosa, L. bataviae, L. pomona, L. javanica, L. mochtarii and L. andaman A. Of the human strains, 4 were identified as L. icterohaemorrhagiae, and 19 were identified as L. canicola. 11 canine strains were all identified as L. canicola. Moreover, of these canicola strains isolated, 13 strains were compared with strain Roesel by cross absorption tests. Strain Roesel absorbed all antibodies from the immune serums of strains isolated, and the strains isolated absorbed all antibodies from Roesel immune serum.It can be concluded from that L. canicola is the most important causative organism of various leptospiroses. Canicola fever should never be forgotton when not only suspected leptospirosis, but acute febrile disease will be encountered.
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