Tumor Vascularity and Lens Culinaris Agglutinin Reactive α-Fetoprotein Are Predictors of Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Percutaneous Ethanol Injection Therapy

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Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) is now widely used for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, only limited information is available regarding predictors of long-term prognosis of patients with small HCC after PEIT. The relationship of pretreatment clinicopathologic and biologic factors (age, sex, virus marker, Child-Pugh classification, tumor size, number of tumor, histologic grade, tumor staining, α-fetoprotein level, AFP-L3%, and Ki67 labelling index) to long-term prognosis in 41 patients with HCC were studied. Over-all survival rates of patients were 73.5% in 3-year, 34.7% in 5-year, and 27.0% in 7-year. Of the 12 variables investigated, Child-Pugh classification (p=0.0243), histologic grade (p=0.0098), tumor staining (p=0.0012), AFP-L3% (0.0093), and Ki67 labelling index (p=0.0467) were significantly associated with the long-term prognosis by univariate analysis. According to the multivariate analysis using Coxs proportional hazard model with step-wise method, tumor staining (p=0.0024) and AFP-L3% (p=0.0137) were significantly associated with the long-term prognosis after PEIT. In conclusion, the study found that positive tumor staining of HCC and positive AFP-L3% in serum were the predictor of poor prognosis in patients with HCC after PEIT.