Case of acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis C with characteristic progress (temporary positive result of antinuclear antibodies and negative result of HCV-RNA) after treatment with interferon.

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Natural interferon α (HLBI, abbreviated as IFN-α) was administered to a 36-year-old male diagnosed as chronic active hepatitis C. Before administration of IFN-α, autoantibodies showed the negative result and γ-globulin was normal. GPT was normalized by drug administration but increased in and after the fifth week of administration with 1360IU/l and 14.3mg/dl as the highest values for GPT and T-Bil, respectively. In the ninth week of administration, the treatment with IFN-α was discontinued, and SNMC was then administered. Practically after discontinuance of IFN-α administration, autoantibodies such as antinuclear antibodies showed the positive result, while HCV-RNA the negative result. Administration of SNMC caused a gradual improvement in liver functions, which was followed by the positive result of RNA and the negative result of autoantibodies. Now the patient is given IFN-β, and kept under observation of the progress. In this case, IFN-α may have induced the positive result of autoantibodies and activated autoimmune phenomena, which led to acute exacerbation of the disease. From this fact, it was considered that IFN therapy should be used for chronic hepatitis with a mind to the manifestation of such unfavorable states.
社団法人日本肝臓学会の論文