アウロマン文書 No. 3 (大英図書館 Or. 8115) の新訳

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• A new transliteration and translation of the Avroman Parchment No. 3 (British Library Or. 8115), written in Parthian, is given here.Transliteration based on P1. III in Minns 1915:1. ŠNT IIIC YRH rwtt MZBNW ptspr BRY tyryn2. ZY MN bwdy KRM smk MH bykškn PLG yt3. W ZBNW wyl BRY bšnyn KZY HY KL ZWZN XX XX XX IIIII4. MH MN bwmhwtw (py) h (w) z hmy KLW QDMTH5. ŠHDYN tyrk BRY pyn (m..g) BRY ršnw rštt6. B (RY) bzn grybnzwy B (RY) mtrpry synk BRY mtbwg7. [] (.) KRM smkn KRM ZBNT wyl MN8. ptspr (K) L ZWZN XX XX XX IIIII1.4 (py) h (w) z: (p) [y] h [w] (z) in the present state;1.5 (m..g): (m) [..] (g) in the present state.Translation:“Year 300 (=A. D. 53), month Arwatat, Patspar son of Tiren from Bod sold a half part of the vineyard Asmak which is within the ploughland; and Awil son of Bašnen bought it for a total of 65 drachms, (the price asked) by the landowner, ‘as brothers’ (> on equal terms with the seller?). They swore together that there should be no accusation, before the witnesses: Tirak son of Apen, M…g (?) son of Rašn, Arštat son of bzn (?), Grybnzwy (?) son of Mihrfriy and Senak son of Matbog. Awil bought [] vineyard, Asmakan vineyard from Patspar for a total of 65 drachms.”On the readings:1.3 KZY: nzd in Gignoux 1972, but his reading is impossible.1.4 pyhwz or pyhwn: tyhrw in Gignoux 1972, py hrw in Perikhanian 1983; previous scholars read the fifth letter as {r}, but that reading is not correct because they, probably, overlooked a wormhole which covered the uppermost part of the letter. —now the wormhole has become larger and covered the entire area where the letter existed. For the reading of the final letter, see Haruta 1992: 33 n. 27; see also the length of the first letter {Z} in ZWZN in 1.3.On the translation:1.3 KZY HY “as brother (s)”: I tentatively interpret the phrase as “as equals, on equal terms, ” though one can translate it as “as partners” or “as co-owners.” KZY HY may be related to βραδδιγογο in Bactrian [Sims-Williams 2000: 82-83 (Document P), 187].1.4 pyhwz hmy KLW /apexwaz ham xwart/“They swore together that there should be no accusation”; or pyhwn…/apexwan…/“…there should be no claim”: for pyhwz “without accusation”/ pyhwn “without claim, ” cf. pw škrw, pwyxs, etc. in Sogdian [Yoshida et al. 1988] and αβηδαχοαυο, αβηχοαυδο, etc. in Bactrian [Sims-Williams 2000]. For the Aramaeogram KLW “to swear, ” cf. Herzfeld 1924: 134-135 and Haruta 1992: 29, 32 n. 27; Schwartz [1989] discussed in detail the verb √xvar- “to swear, ” a verb homophonous with “to eat.” Note that this interpretation is possible only when you read the document in Parthian; this is the strongest evidence, I think, against the allegation that it was written in Aramaic.

著者

• 春田 晴郎

  東海大学文学部

関連論文

• I.M.ディヤコノフ&V.A.リフシツ, 『ニサ出土パルティア語経済文書』
• アルシャク朝パルティアの一次史料 : バビロン天文日誌第3巻の公刊
• アウロマン文書 No. 3 (大英図書館 Or. 8115) の新訳

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