A NEW EXPERIMENTAL METHOD OF DIURETICS USING MICE AND ITS APPLICATION TO SOME DIURETICS
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概要
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In the experimental detection of urinary increase by diuretics, dogs and rabbits have chiefly been used, and in some cases, cats, rats, and frogs were also employed. However, none o f these methods have given satisfactory results. Rabbits are most frequently used, but the experimental results obtained lack accuracy. The use of anesthesia and other procedures are likely to affect water metabolism, as was pointed out by Bonsmann (1) and Marx (2). It has been assumed that an experiment, using a dog, is the most suitable (3).' However, the series of reports by Bonsmann (4) is noteworthy in that it has pointed out that in examining diuretic actions the most accurate results from a larger number of experimental animals are obtained by using mice simply and economically.<BR>In 1930, Gibbs (5) experimented the inhibitive action of pituitarins on urination with mice, but did not reach any quantitative determination. Glaubach and Molitor (6) compared a dog, a rat, and a mousy as experimental animals for the examination of the inhibitive action of posterior pituitary substances against urination, and obtained approximately similar results from each of the three. After 1934, Bonsmann and others, carried out experiments with groups of mice, several in a group, in order to decrease individual differences, as against the experiments of Gibbs ahd Glaubach, which were made with an individual mouse. Bonsmann gave the following points as the characteristics of diuretic experiments using mice:<BR>1) An experimental animal need not be fixed, and can be observed under natural conditions of urination.<BR>2) Experiments can be carried out on a large number of animals, thereby decreasing individual differences and obtaining more accurate results.<BR>3) It is more advantageous in finding the relationship between lethal and effective doses. <BR>4) Experiments can be carried out simply and economically.<BR>However, Bonsmann adopted the method of determining the amout of urination when forced, by suppression of the bladder in an individual mouse of a group at a definite period (approximately 4 hours), and measuring the total amount. The present experiments were undertaken on the assumption that more accurate experimental results would probably be obtained by following the periodical amount of urination of mice in a natural state.
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