Dose and temperature dependence of void swelling in electron irradiated stainless steel.

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In a high voltage electron microscope, solution treated Type 316 stainless steel was electron-irradiated at temperatures in the range of 370630°C to a dose of about 30 dpa. The swelling (ΔV/V) induced by the irradiation beyond about 5 dpa is well described by an empirical equation, ΔV/V=A(dpa) n , under constant void and dislocation densities. With increasing irradiation temperature, the fluence exponent n increases and the pre-exponent term A decreases. At 550°C irradiation, the fluence exponent takes the value of 1.5 due to the diffusion-limited void growth. The value of n larger than 1.5 at higher temperature (>550°C) is attributable to the surface reaction-limited void growth. The smaller value of n for the low temperature ( ?? 500°C) irradiation appears to arise from the dislocation assisted vacancy diffusion. The peak swelling temperature of the specimen irradiated to 30 dpa is about 570°C, which shifts to a higher temperature with increase in electron dose.
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