パルティア王宝冠考
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概要
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Parthian kings issued many silver and copper coins which showed their own portraits. We can see various kinds of patterns and styles of their crowns. The crowns which have short flame-shaped ornaments or crouching deer on them are especially noteworthy. A remarkable example is the coin issued by Phraates III. The main subject of this article is the idea which motivated people to decorate the crowns with animal figures, and its iconological apprehension (this iconology refers to the concept E. Panofsky).On this occasion, We would like to explain iconology shown by deer motifs, compared with some other crowns decorated with animal-shaped designs which are distributed between Eurasian Continent and Japan. (For example, the crown decorated with horse-shaped ornaments found in Tamatsukuri Tomb of Ibaraki Prefecture). The interesting point is that we do not find an actual example of crown surmounted by deer figure, but that we can see some crowns with many animal decorations along the sides or upper edges.I will examine the significance of the crouching deer decorations on the Parthian crowns, introducing some other deer-shaped animal figures distributed widely in Eurasia, from the viewpoint of their meaning as totemic animal of the deer or associated with deer-bone divination, and also from the viewpoint as symbols of immortality or happiness.
- 社団法人 日本オリエント学会の論文