年末の闘争儀礼

概要

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There are about 11 days between the solar year and the lunar year, and about 5 days between the solar year and the 360-day year. Later calendars of various areas of the world have remainders of the 5th day, the 10th or the 13th day New Years, while some nations have remainders of the archaic New Years of the 8th or the 13th day of the 12th month. Iranian people who adopted the 365-day vague year calendar suffered inconvenience after many years as al-Beruni has remarked some hundred years after. It is probable that astronomers observed five fixed points on the ecliptic and made them available for the farmers. These fixed points are the five gasanbars which the writer has tried to interpret philologically and ethnologically.The ancient Iranians had the ten days end of the year as well as the five days one, the Hamaspathmaeda feast, in the last five days of the year. It is evident that there was a Harmageddon (Armageddon) battle of the good and the evil in Iran too, as the Gatha points out, and as a ritual there should have been a mock battle among the Zoroastrians to pass the eschatological end of the year. The writer furnishes an ethnographical proof that the Hamaspathmaeda feast must have been a feast where the fathers back from heavens fought against Ahrimans army and people played a drama realizing the battle.
社団法人日本オリエント学会の論文