Piezoelectric Properties of Ternary Ceramic Compounds Consisting Either of Pb(Mn 2+ 1/3Nb 2/3)O 3 or Pb(Mn 3+ 1/2Nb 1/2)O 3 with PbTiO3-PbZrO3

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Perovskite solid solutions exist throughout the ternary system Pb(Mn 3+ 1/2Nb 1/2)O 3-PbTiO3 PbZrO3 and in up to 40mol% of the first component in Pb(Mn 2+ 1/3Nb 2/3)O 3-PbTiO3-PbZrO3; at higher concentrations, a mixture of perovskite and pyrochlore phases was obtained. With Pb(Mn 2+ 1/3Nb 2/3)O3, ceramics showed enhanced piezoelectric activity and increased mechanical quality factor, both in comparison to the PbTiO3-PbZrO3 binary and with Pb(Mn 3+ 1/2Nb 1/2)O 3. Much improved piezoelectric properties were obtained, when manganese ions were regarded as divalent ions, in comparison with the case of trivalent ions. The difference seems to be caused by different amount of space charge generated in the ceramics, resulting from the co-existence of manganese ion and niobium ion. The amount in the former ceramics is much larger than that of the latter. The Curie point and electrical resistivity of these ceramics remain sufficiently high for practical use.
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