呼吸曲線を指標とした客観的嗅覚検査
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概要
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The establishment of simpler and more reliable methods for objective olfactory acuity evaluation is desired for diagnosis of the degree of olfactory disturbance after traffic accidents and labor accidents. In this paper, the possibility of the objective olfactory acuity evaluation by applying the respiratory function test was examined. As the test indices, the temperature change at the anterior nostril (the nose method) and the motion of the chest girth in breathing (the chest method) were used to monitor the respiratory curves continuously when the odours of T & T olfactometer are presented.The following results are obtained in subjects with normal olfaction:1) In 92% of the cases, the reaction was found on the respiratory curves at the presentation of the odours.2) However, in 6.4% the false positive reaction was obtained when the non-smell Nujol liquid was presented.3) As for the type of reactions, the momentary amplitude decrease was most frequently obtained (39-43%), followed by the bated breath or notch type, the momentary amplification type, and the frequent respiration type.4) The threshold of the olfactory acuity based on the respiratory reaction was slightly higher than the value obtained by the standard olfactory test. The difference between the two values was 0 in 24%, 1 in 44% and 2 or more in 32%.5) The reaction appeared to be more sensitive in the nose method than in the chest method.6) By adding the mental arithmetic task, the reaction ecame clearer.7) In those cases with a high anxiety level in the Taylors anxiety test, the judgement of the reaction was relatively difficult.It was concluded that the present method of the respiratory reaction test was applicable for evaluating the olfactory acuity. However, meticurous cares must be taken for definite diagnosis, since psychological factors have to be always taken into consideration in this type of test.