気管粘膜線毛機能に関する実験的研究

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Recently, air pollution has become an increasing problem for the industrialized countries, since it is thought to be one of the causes of chronic bronchitis and bronchial carcinoma.The ciliated epithelium of the respiratory tract plays a very important role for the elimination and resorption of inhaled harmful materials. Many studies of cilia have been carried out both anatomically and physiologically. However, the mechanism of ciliary movement, the neural control of ciliary activity and the relationship between the ciliary activity and resorption activity are not well known yet. It is therefore the purpose of this study to elucidate above mentioned problems by means of a new method. The ciliary activity in the trachea in living rabbits was examined.The ciliary movements were observed by the microscope specially constructed for vertical light.They were observed as the variations in the light reflexes on the mucous membrane.These light reflexes were then transfered to the phototube where the variations in light intensity were changed to those in current intensity and these were recorded on an oscilloscope or an ink writer via an integrating circuit.The velocity of mucous flow was estimated by measuring the time when the India ink on the trachea mucosa moved 2mm distance.Following results were obtained:1) The rate of ciliary beat in the normal rabbit was 1140 beats/min. The velocity of mucous flow was 9.0mm/min.2) Both the ciliary movement and mucous flow were hardly affected by the atmospheric temperature between 25ª and 35ª, however, a low relative humidity brought about remarkable reduction of the ciliary activity.3) The rate of ciliary beat did not change after electrical stimulation for the vagul nerve or injection of autonomimetic drugs. The velocity of mucous flow, however, increased slightly at the parasympathicotonic condition.4) The ciliary activity decreased with the exposure of 10p.p.m. sulphur dioxide for 20 days and the absorption of radioisotope (Nal131) from the lower respiratory mucosa was increased. With increasing of the concentration of SO2 gas, the ciliary activity tremendously decreaseed within a short time. 5) The ciliary activity reduced after the local administration of 0.5% nicotine solution or 1% 3-4 benzpyrene solution to the trachea mucosa.6) The ciliary activity increased after the local administration of 0.1% lysozyme solution or saponin solution to the trachea mucosa.
社団法人日本耳鼻咽喉科学会の論文

気管粘膜線毛機能に関する実験的研究

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