Two Elderly Patients with Mineralocorticoid Excess Due to 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 (11β-HSD2) Impairment
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A 75-year-old woman had a low circulating level of aldosterone, despite the mineralocorticoid excess state. These abnormalities were improved by spironolactone administration. The distinct elevation of urinary cortisol/cortisone ratio revealed 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) impairment. Moreover, slight but distinct elevation of the ratio was found in a 95-year-old woman with normotension and normopotassemia. The mineralocorticoid excess state with reduced aldosterone level appeared following with vomiting and diarrhea, exaggerating asymptomatic impairment of 11β-HSD2 to induce apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME)-like condition.