中国における森林保全政策の展開 : —— 退耕還林政策の有効性と課題について ——
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概要
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Currently the forest policy in China has been developed on the basis of public or environmental viewpoints. ‘Greening for grain policy is an actual forest policy in China, meaning conversions from farmlands in the mountains to forests. This is because the situation of the forest in China has been deteriorated due to the drastic conversion of the forests to farmlands to increase agricultural products in 1960s. Agriculture on the mountains with sharp gradients has led to ill-productivity and poverty situation. Moreover, degradation of the forest land in the upstream area has increased the risk of flood hazard as well as desertification that cause considerable damage to the downstream area and also caused damage to biodiversity. The reforestation policy in China, therefore, must be planned to pursue both improvement of the life standard of the farmer and environmental sustainability. In this paper we shall investigate the reforestation policy in China, in particular, the ‘Greening for grain policy after the latter half of 1990s. Then we study the effectiveness of this reforestation policy both on preserving natural environment as well as on improving the farmers welfare who have accepted the greening of their farmlands. To prove the sustainability of the policy, we have done a field research at Chengdu, Sichuan province. The research outcome proves some difficulties of the feasibility, effectiveness and sustainability of this policy. Finally we shall give some implications concerning the forest policy reforms in China.JEL classification: Q23, Q24, Q28
- 日本地域学会の論文
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