Mutation on the Endosperm Character in Rice Plant
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概要
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(1) KONDO, K., 2) who was at Ibaraki Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station, found a fact that a small quantity of non-glutinous rice seeds were born mixedly among glutinous ones in every generation on the plants belonging to a line of the glutinous variety called "Aikokumoti". A few lines of these samples were delivered to the writer and were tested by means of the pedigree culture for three years from 1926 to 1928, and the following results were obtained.(a) The line of glutinous variety"Aikoku-moti"produced in every generation a small quantity of non-glutinous seeds, whose percentage was 0.67 in 1926, 0.16 in 1927, 0.29 in 1928 and 0.44 in total, showing a wide variation among families (M±σ=1.01±1.08 in total). And a trend was found that the percentage of the nonglutinous mutants was rather high in the highly sterile families.(b) All of the non-glutinous mutant seeds (180 1) grain in total) occurred on the glutinous plants, produced in the next generation two kind of seeds, the non-glutinous and the glutinous, in the ratio near to 3:1, showing that all of these mutants were heterozygous for the endosperm character, and that the non-glutinous was dominant over the glutinous.(c) In the next generation of the non-glutinous seeds born on the non-glutinous mutants, the segregating and the constant non-glutinous families appeared in the ratio near to 2:1, the percentage of the constant families being 31.59 (D/P.E.=0.89 as 34%).(d) Although the segregation ratio in the above segregating families was also near to 3:1 (the percentage of the glutinous =23.78 in total), a small deficiency of the recessive glutinous seeds was observed as a whole in concidering the deviation, which was much larger when the theoretical percentage was taken as 25% (D/P.E.=10.58) than when it was taken as 24% (D/P.E.=2.25). This ratio showed also a wide variation among families (M±σ=23.77±3.30), the percentage of the recessive being abnormally deficient or excessive in some families.(e) In the progeny of the constant non-glutinous families derived from the non-glutinous mutants, there appeared no glutinous seeds, showing that reversion did never occur in this case.(f) The pollen in the flowers of the glutinous plants was tested by iodine reaction, and it was found that a small percentage (1.04%) of the non-glutinous pollen grain was mixedly produced (see figure on page 60).
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