KARYOMORPHOLOGY OF CEREALS:IV. STUDIES OF WILD BARLEYS

スポンサーリンク

概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• 1) Cytological and morphological studies of wild barley species includig twelve races were made of the size of stomata, size of pollen grains, number of chromosomes, karyotypes and asscciation of chromosomes at meiotic divisions, and phylogeny of karyotypes were also discussed in this paper.2) In Hordeum agriocrithon, n=7 and 2n=14 was observed. Chromosomes in a haploid set are each different in length and shape. The characteristics of them are as follows. In this the length of the chromosome gradually decreases from "a" to "g".a……about 6μ long of submedian type with a secondary constriction in the long arm near the end.b……submedian, with secondary constrictions existed in both the arms, one being in end portion of the long arm and the other in middle portion of the short arm. Small sphaerical satellite was observed at the end of the short arm.c……submedian, with a secondary constriction in the long arm near the end.d……median.e……submedian or subterminal. The long arm of this chromosome is longer than that of the "d".f……submedian with a large satellite on the short arm. This satellite is larger than that of the "b" and shows pyriform.g……about 4μ long, submedian type.This karyotype was called by the author as a1a1 or type I.3) Although no difference was observed in the other six chromosomes, three different forms were distinguished regarding the "a" chromosome. "a2" type is without secondary constriction, and "a3" has a secondary constriction in the long arm at the portion of one-third from the end. Therefore, karyotypic differences among wild barley species can be decided by the differences in the "a" only. In this paper, a1a1, a2a2 and a3a3, (or a3a3a3a3) are distinguished. Chromosome number and karyotypes of the wild barley studied were listed below4) As Hordeum Gussoneanum also H. murinum with 28 chromosomes in somatic cells have four a3 chromosomes, they may be suspected as autotetraploid, but frequency of formation of tetravalent was very small. This suggests that the differentiation of genomes might have been taken place in these two species after the duplication of whole chromosomes in remote past.5) Decision of karyotypes in the wild species of barley may play an important role in the studies of the karyotype analysis of cultivated barleys.

• 日本遺伝学会の論文

著者

• 生沼 巴

  岡山大学理学部生物学教室

関連論文

• 禾穀類の核形態学 : 第1報 核形態学研究の基本問題としての同一品種における核型の一定性について
• 青刈大豆の人為四倍体について
• KARYOMORPHOLOGY OF CEREALS:IV. STUDIES OF WILD BARLEYS
• KARYOMORPHOLOGY OF CEREALS:II. KARYOTYPE ALTERATION OF RYE SECALE CEREALE L

スポンサーリンク