Japanese Women's Legislative and Administrative Reforms in the Postwar Era

概要

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The purpose of this paper is to cast light on some little-known facts，profile and achievements of the Japanese women leaders who fought for gender equality in the postwar era under the regime of GHQ/SCAP(the General Headquarters/Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers). It is commonly believed that Japanese women effortlessly obtained political rights and enhanced social status afer the defeat of Japan as generous "gifts" from General Douglas MacArthur. The fact is that Japanese women activists had been conducting assiduous grass-root drives for enfranchisement in the prewar days，and during the U.S. occupation their top leaders，allied with female members of GHQ，played an important role in the establishment of the new constitution which guarantees gender equality and the Women's and Minors' Bureau within the govemment which was a foothold for Japanese women to make policies concering gender issues. This essay traces the activities and achievements of early female legislators and administrators whose contribution to the democratization of postwar Japan has been overlooked orunderestimated to date.
鹿児島大学,Kagoshima Universityの論文