流動性屍血の成因並に血液凝固の第二階程に於ける"Prefibrin"の提唱

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Based on the results of numerous experiments conducted in our Department, we advocate the following as factors in the formation of fluid blood in the cadaver, and the presence of "prefibrin", besides the profibrin of Apitz, to be responsible for blood coagulation during the secondary stage. A) Causation of Fluid Blood in the Cadaver. As the cause of formation of fluid blood in the cadaver, such as in sudden death due to asphyxia, rapid appearance of powerful plasmin (= Fibrinolysin) , together with the comparatively large doses of anticoagulant substances such as heparin, dissolve the incompletely coagulated blood (the condition of fibrin at this stage will be termed "prefibrin"), leading to the formation of degenerated fibrinogen. B) "Prefibrin". During the process of formation of fibrin from fibrinogen by the action of thrombin, fibrinogen is converted to the profibrin of Apitz, which in turn is transformed into the prefibrin advocated by me, finally becoming fibrin. The main experimental results that led to the above 2 conclusions were as follows. I) Fluid Blood in the Cadaver. 1) Fluid blood of the cadaver does not contain coagulated blood, and further has no natural tendency to coagulate, even after the addition of thrombin. 2) There is found in the fluid blood fibrinogen, but this exists as a degenerated form of fibrinogen. 3) In all cases there is found a powerful plasmin in the fluid blood. 4) The blood in the cadaver before it becomes fluid blood, shows incomplete coagulation about one hour after death (prefibrin state), but by the action of plasmin is turned to fluid blood within 3 or 4 hours. 5) Experimentally it is possible to obtain fluid blood in animals by the injection of plasmin or plasmin and heparin. 6) By the injection of large amaunts of heparin it is possible to obtain blood that appears at first glance to be fluid blood, but essentially the two are different in character. 7) The amount of heparin in the organs of healthy man is greater than that found in animals. II) Fibrinolyse (plasmin action). 1) Plasmin does not act on fibrinogen or profibrin. 2) Plasmin acts well on prefibrin and converts gel into sol. 3) Plasmin acts with difficulty on the completely formed fibrin. 4) When prefibrin is dissolved by plasmin and becomes a sol, prefibrin is converted into degenerated fibrinogen. 5) Plasmin acts best at temperatures ranging between 37 and 45℃, the action becoming poorer with lowering of temperature, and showing no action at 0℃. 6) Plasmin combines well with the proteins of the fibrin group and when it exists with degenerated fibrinogen, and precipitate it, practically the plasmin is precipitated in combination.7) Plasmin action is also influenced by the pH. Its action is prevented by urea and homosulfamin. III) Prefibrin. 1) Prefibrin is usually in the gel state and profibrin of Apitz in the sol state.2) Prefibrin is converted into fluid by the action of plasmin, and as a result becomes degenerated fibrinogen. 3) Prefibrin differs from other proteins of the fibrin group in that it is extremely well acted upon by plasmin. 4) During the process of change of fibrinogen into fibrin, the fluid portion that has not turned partly into gel and which contains profibrin (ascertained as fibrinogen by the method of Satoh-Shimazaki), nd is in the gel state is prefibrin. This is differentiated form completed fibrin. 5) Prefibrin (Satoh) and profibrin (Apitz) may also be differentiated by the attitudes to the action of plasmin and urea. 6) Prefibrin may be prepared experimentally, by adjusting the mutua relationship of the amounts of antithrombin active substances such as heparin or the strengths of thrombin action, during the process of blood coagulation. IV) Degenerated fibrinogen. 1) By Satoh-Shimazaki's method, it produces a precipitin reaction as a fibrinogen. 2) Degenerated fibrinogen has entirely no power of coagulation. 3) It shows marked lowering of the power of salting out. 4) By heating to 56℃ it is sedimented. 5) It is soluble with difficulty in distilled water. 6) It combined well with plasmin.
信州大学の論文

流動性屍血の成因並に血液凝固の第二階程に於ける"Prefibrin"の提唱

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信州大学 | 論文

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