病院内環境における細菌分布とその推移 ―新棟移転前後及び移転後3年間の調査から―
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概要
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Nosocomial infection has become a serious problem in recent years with the progress of medical care techniques and the increase of immunocompromised hosts. Investigations on bacterial contamination in the hospital environment which are closely related to the occurrence of nosocomial infections were carried out in Sapporo Medical College hospital. Investigations were performed for a total of 6 times from 1983 to 1986 including the moving period from the old hospital building to a newly rebuilt one which opened in August 1983. Investigations included the old ward before moving, the new ward before opening, 2 months, 4 months, 1 year and 3 years after opening. Organisms found in the indoor air were measured by exposure of agar plates to them (sedimentation) and the resident flora in the hospital by swabbing and plating (surface culturing). It became clear by the sedimentation method that it was 2 months after moving that the bacterial count reached almost the same level as in the old ward. Organisms which increased earliest in the air of the new ward were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS), followed by Gram negative rods (GNR) and fungi in that order. While GNRs were detected more frequently in the old ward than the new one, there was no appreciable difference in the detection rates of CNS and fungi between the new and old wards. Results from surface culturing indicated that Staphylococci and glucose non-fermentative GNRs (NF-GNR) including P. aeruginosa have increased remarkably in the new ward. While P. aeruginosa was mainly detected in wet places such as the sink, other NF-GNRs were detected in dry places as well. Detection rate of coagulase-positive Staphylococci (CPS) was high in sinks and floors of washrooms. It was worthy to note that places where CPS was detected increased after moving. Though glucose fermentative GNRs showed the highest detection rate 1 year after moving, the rate returned to the level of the old ward 3 years after moving. These results suggest that NF-GNR and CPS represented by P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively are gradually increasing and spreading in the environment of the new hospital. Furthermore, this tendency was found to pararell the frequencies of bacteria detected in clinical specimens of inpatients.
- 札幌医科大学の論文
- 1987-12-01
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