蜘蛛とその糸--ガナナ-ト・オベ-セ-カラの精神分析人類学をめぐって
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概要
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Psychoanalytic anthropology as presented by Gananath Obeyesekere in his Medusa's Hair and The Work of Culture offers us a method for the study of individual religious experience. By comparing Obeyesekere's psychoanalytic anthropology with Clifford Geertz's interpretive anthropology, this paper examines the possibilities and problems of Obeyesekere's work. Although both anthropologists are influenced by Max Weber, their approaches are completely different. Comparing these approaches to each other makes the characteristics of Obeyesekere's approach clear. The foci of this comparison are as follows ; (1) How the anthropologists understand symbols and meanings, (2) What they think about psychological interpretations in anthropology, (3) How they perceive cultural relativism. There are some problems with Obeyesekere's approach. (1) He tends to be dogmatic in his use of psychoanalytic theory. (2) He does not problematize the concept of "Human Nature". (3) Although he considers the relationship between anthropologist and informants, his analysis of the relationship between himself and his own informants is insufficient. Despite these shortcomings, Obeyesekere's work has significance ; Obeyesekere considers not only the web of meanings but also, the "spider at work", i. e. the people who weave the meanings. By creating the analytical idea "personal symbol", Obeyesekere tries to understand the connection between individuals and public culture in terms of symbols. In this respect, his work attempts to understand a dynamic of meaning something, which Geertz's work ignores.
- 東京大学文学部宗教学研究室,Department of Religious Studies. The University of Tokyo,東京大学大学院博士課程の論文
東京大学文学部宗教学研究室,Department of Religious Studies. The University of Tokyo,東京大学大学院博士課程 | 論文
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