大規模畑作経営における休閑緑肥作の導入・定着条件に関する研究 : 土地利用方式の改善を展望して

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In Hokkaido, the large-scale upland farming crop rotation system is in disorder, so its effect on land productivity is cause for concern. Therefore,the usefulness of fallow green manure cropping is pointed out. But, from the fact that it is a non commodity crop, positioning in regard to crop selection farmers is low. So, bidding which is directed to its fixation is necessary. In this paper, we will explore the elucidation of introduction fixation conditions of fallow green manure cropping in large-scale upland farming. The focus of this paper, Sarabetsu village in the Tokachi region, is a typical example of largescale upland farming. First, frequency and continuity of fallow green manure cropping of upland farming were rearranged. As a result, we can see that similar types such as "continuation" "discontinuance" "non continuation", clearly showing the differences in cropping conduct. Second, based on field investigations, the primary factors of introduction fixation of fallow green manure cropping are made clear; 1)The recognition of improvements for the crop rotation system, 2)The necessity of guaranteeing a yearly gross income, and, 3)Present scale and existence of scale enlargement conditions. Third, the crop selection of large-scale upland farming, making use of linear programming, was modeled and appraised. When obedience of the crop rotation system is designated as a purpose, fallow green manure cropping selection occurred according to the area. It was selected in the 5-10% of the total area when it was present. Fourth, comparison of the profitability with fallow green manure cropping was conducted. Although it caused profit decreases, the cost decreased to a greater degree. Furthermore, per area income showed the fact that there is little overall difference. From the results above, 3 points were given as a fallow green manure introduction fixation conditions. First, introduction makes farm working adjustments possible, making the obedience of crop rotation possible. Under present conditions, recognition of the management for wheat repeated cultivation has influenced fallow green manure cropping introduction. Because of that, recognition improvement of the problems which occur with repeated cultivation is necessary. Second, it is important to consider,as clearly shown by analysis, that fallow green manure cropping does not always reduce profits, but that its overall impact is negligible. Third, it is large-scale farming with which fallow green manure cropping introduction has rationality, and the introduction ratio is 5-10% of the cropping acreage. It is also necessary for such bidding to be done. When constructing the crop rotation system of large-scale upland farming, in the point where construction of a stable 4 yearcrop rotation system is made possible, the importance of fallow green manure cropping is great.
2009-03-31

著者

吉仲怜
弘前大農学生命科学

大規模畑作経営における休閑緑肥作の導入・定着条件に関する研究 : 土地利用方式の改善を展望して

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