ウルグアイ・ラウンドとオーストラリア : ラウンド交渉への対応に関する一考察

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This article examines Australia's approach to the GATT Uruguay Round (UR) negotiations. Australia's approach was underpinned by its 'marginalization' in the international political economy, its past recognition of GATT functions, and its ambivalence towards US trade policy in the early 1980's.Australia had two basic objectives during the negotiations. First was the restoration of trade liberalism, especially for agricultural products, which the GATT system stood for, and second was to ensure the successful settlement of trade protection measures. However, Australia's negotiating stance has been hindered by both the lack of international agreement as to what exactly are the international trade problems as well as the actual UR negotiation process. To advance its argument, Australia has adopted two basic strategies. The first has been the voluntary opening of its markets in order to ensure its legitimacy when arguing for trade liberalism. The second has been to adopt a two-tier approach. At the individual level it has unilaterally approached those advocating protection. At a collective level it has undertaken a twin regional and single issue approach. The regional approach has been to use APEC to advance its position whilst the single issue approach has been to use the Cairns Group to take part directly in policy making in the agricultural arena. The intention here has been to use the Cairns Group as a third force during the early negotiation stages. Australia has gained through the UR negotiations. First, it has gained a satisfactory agreement from the negotiations. Second, it has gained diplomatic experience as the leader and coordinator of the Cairns Group and the third force concept. Third, it has been able to move away from its marginalised position in multilateral trade negotiations.
オーストラリア学会の論文
1995-09-25

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河原匡見
摂南大学法学部

ウルグアイ・ラウンドとオーストラリア : ラウンド交渉への対応に関する一考察

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