ホワイトカラーの公的資格とビジネス学位 : 日米英ホワイトカラー調査の国際比較から
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概要
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Japanese white-collar workers have historically developed their job-capabilities through work experience, On-the-job-training (OJT), training and education. As the nature of employment has diversified, the opportunity to participate in 'in-house' training activities have decreased. As a result, job training and qualifications by public organizations have become increasingly important. There are almost no professional qualifications for white-collar workers in Japan. This contrasts sharply with Europe and the USA where professional bodies regularly provide training and issue sector-wide qualifications and accreditations. Despite these differences, it will be argued that international comparative research that focuses upon employment and Human Resource Development (HRD) remains important for Japanese firms. In this survey, a total of 1,200 white-collar workers in Japan, the USA and the UK were asked about their HRDs, qualifications and business degrees. A number of related hypothesis are advanced and subsequently evaluated. Based on the survey results, we are able to ascertain the value placed upon OJTs, training and qualifications across the three countries respectively. This leads us to believe that each country can be differentiated on the basis of how it evaluates such qualifications. It became apparent in all three cases that post-graduate business related degrees are important primarily for recruiting and are not so significant when it comes to staff evaluation criteria and promotion. At the same time though it is important to bear in mind some of the difficulties associated with comparing qualifications and their uses among the three nations due to existing social, labor and environmental differences. Future international comparative surveys regarding qualifications and professional organizations in Europe, the USA and Asia can utilize the issue of white-collar qualifications as a common research pillar. The relationship between these developments and the continuing evolution of Japan's white collar workers will be expected to play a significant contribution in this continuing research stream.
- 2013-11-20