A Study on HIV/AIDS Preventive Activities at Health Centers in Japan
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概要
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Objective Despite the efforts devoted to national guideline-based prevention activities by Japanese public health centers, the numbers of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases have been rising consistently since 1990. This study clarifies the activities implemented for HIV/AIDS prevention at health centers located in ordinance-designated cities, core cities and special wards. The process of this study ascertaining HIV/AIDS situations and activities using a questionnaire based on national guidelines is applicable in other countries.Study Design and methods This is a descriptive analysis conducted via questionnaires sent to health centers and branch centers located in ordinance-designated cities, core cities and special wards. A total of 130 health centers and 98 branch centers were targeted. Only data gathered from health centers were analyzed.Results The response rate was 75.2%. Only 17 (18.7%) of the 91 health centers had a plan for preventing HIV/AIDS in 2008 while 74 (81.3%) had no plans for HIV/AIDS (prevention). Ninety-one health centers (98.8%) provided HIV testing. Among the health centers providing HIV testing, it was found that tests were available during the daytime on weekdays at all health centers. Thirty-two health centers (36.8%) also provided testing after 5PM; among these health centers, only 3 (9.4%) provided testing at night on a weekly basis. The most common means of support for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) was information provision on medical facilities; this service was available in 66 (81.2%) of the 91 health centers. Other means of support were assistance by introducing PLWHA to NGOs, provided by 25 (30.9%) health centers, and community meetings with other organizations, facilitated by 27 (30%) health centers.Conclusion Most health centers have complied with the national guideline for AIDS; however, implementation of prevention activities, provision of support for PLWHA and cooperation with other organizations were generally inadequate. Cooperation with other organizations could strengthen community efforts and create adequate and comfortable communities for all residents.
- 国立保健医療科学院の論文